Padlock.



PATENTBD JAN. 27, 1903.

C. R. SNYDER.

PADLOGK.

APPLICATION FILED JUNI: 6. 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

NO MODEL.

PATENTBD JAN. 27, 1903.

C. R. SNYDER.

PADLOCK. APPLICATION FILED JUNE G. 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

gli: 1

lllnirrnn *rames Arnim OFFICE.

CHARLIE R. SNYDER, OF CADIZ, OHIO.

PADLOCK.

SPECIFIGATIDN forming part of Letters Patent No. 719,054, dated January27, 1903.

Application filed .Tune 6. 1902I Serial No. 110,501. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, CHARLIE R. SNYDER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cadiz, in the county of Harrison and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Gravity-OperatedPadlocks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has relation to locks which when in service are capableof being manipulated according to a predetermined plan to admit ofoperation of the internal mechanism by gravitative action, whereby thelock may be opened without requiring the use of a key or otherinstrument requiring operation by hand. i

The invention is adapted more particularly for padlocks, and isillustrated in this connection in the drawings, although it iscontemplated to apply the principle to locks of any type capable ofbeing turned, inverted, and similarly manipulated to admit of actuationof the mechanism by gravitative action.

In accordance with this invention the lock comprises a lock-bolt, abalanced tumbler, a gravity-operated tumbler, and cooperating stopsbetween the two sets of tumblers, whereby the balanced tumbler isproperly positioned by means of the weighted tumbler and the lattersubsequently positioned by gravitative force, so as to admit ofoperation of the lock-bolt when opening the lock.

For a full description of the invention and the merits thereof and alsoto acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means foreffecting the result reference is to be had to the following descriptionand drawings hereto attached.

While the essential and characteristic features of the invention aresusceptible of modiiication, still the preferred embodiment of theinvention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figurel is a front view of a padlock embodying the invention. iig. 2 is asection thereof on the line X X of Fig. Fig. Sis an edge view. Fig. a isa plan section on the line Y Y of Fig. 2, the free end of the bow beingomitted. Fig. 5 is a section about on the line Z Z of Fig. 2 looking tothe right, the lock-bolt, tu mblers, and parts cooperating therewithbeing in full. Fig. 6 is a detail view in elevation of the frame removedfrom the casing. Fig. 7 shows, respectively, a side elevation and anedge view of the weight or gravityoperated tumbler. Fig. 8 shows Viewssimilar to Fig. 7 of the balanced tumbler. Fig. 9 is a front view of theweight on a larger scale. Fig. l0 is an enlarged section of the frameand tumblers, showing the mountings and stops on a larger scale. Fig. 11is an elevation of the rear plate of the frame. Fig. l2 is a perspectiveview of one of the stops adapted to be applied to either one of thetumblers at the desired position.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated in' all the views of the drawings by the samereference characters.

The casing l may be of any form, depending upon the pattern, make, orstyle of lock to which the invention is applied. The lock shown being ofthe padlock variety is provided with a bow 2, pivoted at one end to acorner of the casing and adapted to have its opposite end enter thecasing at the opposite corner and become engaged by means of a lock-bolt3. The notch Ll, near the free end of the bow, is inclined so as toengage under the nose or cog 5 of the lock-bolt, thereby preventingopening of the lock by a smart blow delivered upon the edge of thecasing adjacent to the pivot of the bow 2. The lock-bolt 3 is mountedfor pivotal and sliding movements and is provided near one end with anelongated opening or slot 6, through which a pin 7 passes and upon whichthe lock-bolt is pivotally and slidably mounted. Aspring S eX- erts apressure upon the lock-bolt to normally hold its nose or cog 5 inengagement with the notch 4 of the bow. The tail end of the lockbolt isprovided with a dog 9, adapted to enter the gateways of the tumblerswhen opening the lock. The upward movement of the lock-bolt at the endprovided with the dog 9 is limited by means of a pin l0.

To illustrate the invention in its simplest form, two tumbler-s only areshown, one being balanced, the other weighted. However, it is to beunderstood that the tumblers may be provided in any series, according tothe ICO required cost, character, and type of lock desired. The tumblersare pivotally mounted and consist, preferably, of disks having gatewaysto be brought into coincident relation and position, so as to receivethe dog 9 when it is required to open the lock. The tumbler 11 isbalanced and is provided with a gateway 12 and a series of openings 13near its periphery. The tumbler 14 is weighted or gravity-operated andis coaxally mounted with the tumbler 11 and is provided with a gateway15. The tumblers 11 and 14 are of equal diameter, and each has a portioncut therefrom at a point diametrically opposite the cut-away part, so asto compensate for Ythe amount of metal removed by said gateway, so as tobalance the tumbler, this being essential in the case of the tumbler 11.The tumbler 14 is provided near its periphery with a series of openings16 for the same purpose as the openings 13--namely. to admit of changingthe combination by differently positioning the stops 17, projected fromproximal sides of the tumblers. The tumblers are mounted for independentmovement, the position of the balanced tumbler being controlled by theweighted tumbler, as will appear more fully hereinafter.

The tumblers and the lock-bolt constitute the essential elements of thelock mechanism and may be mounted in any convenient way.

To ad mit of access being readily had to the working parts, especiallywhen the casing is of integral construction or so formed as to preventremoval of any of its sides, t-he operating part-s are iitted to a framewhich is removably inserted into the casing through the upper end, whichis open and adapted to be closed bya slide 18, operating in the ways 19and held in place by the bow, said slide being readily removable whenthe bow is open, thereby admitting of withdrawal of the frame from thecasing. The frame comprises corresponding plates 20 and 21, connected inany convenient way, as by means of pins 7 and 10 and tie-pieces 22. Oneof the plates, as 20, is graduated on its outer side, as shown at 23,the graduations corresponding in every particular with like graduations24 on the outer side of the casing 1, the graduations being in circularform and determining the position of the lock when turning ormanipulating it preliminary toopening. A bearing 25 is affixed to orprojects from the inner side of the plate 1, and a corresponding bearing26 projects from the inner face of the plate 20, the two bearings 25 and26 being in transverse alinement and having conical depressions in theirends to receive the points of cone-bearings of a stub-shaft 27, securedto the tumbler 14, so as to rotate therewith. The tumbler 11 is looselymounted upon the bearing 26, so as to turn freely thereon.-

A stop 17 is adapted to be fitted to a selected opening 13 or 16 of thetumblers, and these stops face inward and are adapted to come incontact, so as to cause both tumblers to move in unison in onedirection, thereby admitting of the balanced tumbler being operated bymeans of the weighted tumbler. After the balanced tumbler has been movedto the predetermined position, so as to bring its gateway 12 in positionto receive the dog 9 of the lock-bolt, the weighted tumbler is free tomove in an opposite direction to admit of its gateway being brought incoincident relation with the gateway 12, whereby the dog 9 may enter thegateways 12 and 15 upon pulling upward upon the latch end of the bow 2,the lock-bolt turning upon the pin 7 as the latch end of the bow iswithdrawn from the casing` and the dog 9 entering the gateways of thetumblers. The lock-bolt is moved in opposition to the tension of thespring 8, and the instant the latch end of the bow clears the nose orcog 5 of the lock-bolt the spring 8, regaining itself, returns thelock-bolt to a normal position. When the latch end of the bow is thrustinto the casing, as when in the act of securing the lock, its beveledend coming in con tact with the nose or cog 5 represses orslides thelock-bolt inward to permit of the entrance of the latch end of the bowto the limit of its movement, and when the notch 4 comes opposite to thepart 5 the lock-bolt is shot forward by the spring 8 and its nose or cog5 enters said notch 4, thereby securing the lock, as will be readilycomprehended.

The weight 28 is adapted to be secured to the tumbler 14 at any point,according to the combination determined upon for opening the lock. Thisweight may be of any form and, as shown, has the outline of a segmentand is provided at one end with a fork 29 to receive a part of the shaft27, thereby preventing turning of the weight upon the single fasteningsecuring it to the tumbler 14, and which in the present instance is thestop 17, applied to said tumbler. The stops 17 have threaded shanks topass through a selected opening 13 or 16 of the tumblers and receiveeither a nut 30 or enter ascrew-threaded opening 31 of the weight 2S. Inorder to admit of changing the position of the stops 17, each of theplates of the frame is provided with an opening 32 for the insertion ofa suitable tool or instrument to admit of removing and placing the stopsin the required position. The lock being secu red and it being desiredto open the same, it is manipulated by turning the case in the properdirection, either to the right or to the left, so as to bring the stop17 of the weighted tumbler in contact with the stop 17 of the balancedtumbler, the lock being turned to cause the weighted tumbler to move thebalanced tumbler to the proper position, which is with its gateway 12 inposition to receive the dog 9. The lock is manipulated with reference toan imaginary perpendicular line, the case being turned in thepredetermined direction, either to the right or to the left, until thefirst indication of the combination coincides with the aforesaidimaginary perpendicular line. During this opera- IOO IIO

tion the stop 17 of the weighted tuinber 14 engages with the cooperatingstop of the balanced tumbler li and moves the latter to a position so asto bring its gateway l2 opposite to the dog 9 to receive the same whenthe locl;l)olt is actuated to release the bow 2. The lock is now turnedin the opposite direction to bring the next indication of thecombination in coincidence with the aforesaid imaginary perpendicularline, thereby bringing the gateway l5 thereof in coincident relationwith the gateway 12 of the balanced tu mbler and in position to receivethe dog 9. During the second operation of the lock the weighted tumblermoves in a direction to carry its stop away from the stop ot thebalanced tumbler, the latter remaining in the adjusted position byreason of the inertia of its parts, the friction between thepivot-bearings of said balanced tumbler being insufficient to overcomethe inertia of the balanced tumbler to move it to any appreciableextent, so as to throw the gateway 12 out of line with the dog 9. Thegateways ofthe tumblers and the dog 9 are of such relative proportionsas to allow for variations, a nicety of adjustment not being necessaryin order to position the tum blers to admit of opening of the lock inthe manner stated. After the tumblers have been moved to bring theirgateways opposite to the dog 9 of the loclcbolt the lock may be openedby pulling upon the catch end of the bow 2, the lock-bolt turning uponthe pin 7 and its dog 9 entering the gateways of the tumblers. The dog 9upon entering the gateways l2 and l5 turns the tumblers slightly andupon leaving the said gateways under the rebounding action of the springS moves said tumblers in an opposite direction with such force as tothrow the gateways out of register with each other and with the dog, sothat it is necessary to manipulate the lock, as before explained, inorder to bring the gateways in position to receive the dog 9 before thelock can be opened.

A drain-opening 3l is provided in the bottom portion of the case t'orthe escape of any water or moisture finding its way therein.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is l. In alock, and in combination with the lock-bolt, balanced and weightedtumblers adapted to cooperate with the loclcbolt and adapted to beproperly positioned by gravitative force, substantially as set forth.

2. In a lock, and in combination with the lock-bolt, a series ofcooperating tumblers coaxially mounted and comprisingbalanced and4gravitypperated elements to be properly positioned by manipulation ofthe lock, substantially as specified.

3. In a lock, and in combination with the lock-bolt, balanced andweighted tumblers coaxiallymounted, and stops projected from proximalsides of the tumblers for engage ment, whereby the gravity-operatedtumbler is adapted to properly position the balanced tumbler,substantially as specified.

e. In a lock, the combination with the lockbolt, tu mblers forcooperation with the lockbolt, one ot' the tumblers being balanced, aweight having adjustable connection with another tumbler and adapted toproperly position the tu mblers by gravitative force, and engaging meansbetween the tum blers,where by motion may be transmited from one to theother, substantially as specied.

In a lock, and in combination with the lock bolt, coaXially-mountedtumblers, a weight adapted to be applied to one of the tumblers at anypoint and having a fork at one end for engagement with the shaft of thetnmbler,and apin for securing the Weight to the tumbler and adapted toengage with a projecting part of the adjacent tumbler t0 position it,substantially as specitied.

o. In a lock, and in combination with the lock-bolt, coaxially-mou ntedtumblers having openings near their peripheries, one of the tumblersbeing balanced, a weight applied to the other tumbler to admit ofactuating the lock mechanism by gravitative force, and pins fitted inselected openings of the tumblers and adapted to come in contact wherebythe gravity-operated tumbler may serve t0 transmit motion to theadjacent balanced tumbler, substantially as set forth.

7. In a lock, and in combination with the lock-bolt having a dog, aseries of tumblers coaxially mounted and having gateways for receptionof the said dog and adapted to be positioned by gravitative force,substantially as set forth. Y

S. In a lock, and in combination with the lock-bolt, transverselyalinedbearings, a tumbler loosely mounted upon one of the bearings, a secondtumbler located between said bearings and having a stub'shaft journaledtherein, a weight adapted to be secured t0 the last-mentioned tumbler atany point, and pins adapted to be applied to the tumblers at any pointto admit of opening the lock by a predetermined combination,substantially as set forth.

9. In a padlock, the combination ofthe bow having a notch near its freeend, a lock-bolt mounted for pivotal and sliding movements and having anose or cog to engage with the said notch of the bow, andgravity-operated tumblers cooperating with said lock bolt, substantiallyas set forth.

l0. In apadlock, the combination of the bow having an inclined notchnear its free end, a lock-bolt pivotally and slidably mounted and havingan inclined nose or cog to engage with the said inclined notch yof thebow and provided with a dog, and gravity-operated tumblers havinggateways for reception of the said dog, substantially as set forth.

li. In a lock, and in combination with the casing provided with a scaleupon its outer side, a frame removably fitted within the cas- IOO TIO

ing and having a corresponding soaie, a look of the case and holding theframe in place, mechanism applied to the frame and adapted said slidebeing retained in position by the to be properly positioned according toa prebow of the look, substantially as set forth.

determined combination determined by the In testimony whereof I affix mysignature 5 scales upon the frame and case, substantially in presence oftwo Witnesses.

as set forth.

12. In a padlock, a casing having its upper CHARLIE SNYDER' [L sf] endopen, a frame provided with a lock meoh- Witnesses: anism and insertihleinto the oase through its WM. C. SMOCK,

Io open end, and a slide for closing the open end MARSHALL B. GOODING.

